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History Of Islam In Iraq
As much as 95 percent of Iran's total population consists of Muslims. Also, this is because Islam is the official religion of the country. Since 637 AD, when Caliph Umar with his Muslim army; took over Sassanians; Islam has flourished in Iraq. |
Most of the residents, who were Kurds, were forced to accept Islam as their religion. However, few Jews and Christians did not convert. These communities still exist in present-day Iraq. Later in 634 AD, the Muslim dynasty entered in Iraq, which at that point was an integral part of Persia. Khalid ibn Waleed was the leader of the Muslim army when they overpowered the Persian rule.
All the Christians, who could not change their religion, were left with two options. They were compelled to pay a tax, which was termed as jizyah. This tax was incurred in order to defend their lives. Most of the Christians changed their religion, because the next choice was to follow Islam.
Caliph Umar established two of the cities to save his dynasty. This led to the establishment of Basrah and Kufah. After few years, Baghdad was also included. It was home to the rich Babylon civilization. In 762 AD, Abbasid took the charge of the Muslim Empire and started ruling from Baghdad. Very soon, the city turned into a hub for various types of trade, Islamic education and culture.
The golden age of Islam was at its peak in Baghdad and Iraq. It developed very fast with school, hospitals, museums, mosques and libraries being established. The city was considered highly advanced for its time.
However, after ruling for nearly five hundred years, the Abbasid dynasty started falling apart. This was due to two reasons. The region saw natural fires and floods; and the second cause was the constant fighting between the two Muslim sects -- Sunnis and Shias.
Though Islam continued being the religion of Iraq, the golden age was over.
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